Mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI mtDNA, Cytb, 16S rDNA and 12S rDNA) were used to reconstruct the phylogenies of tropical Amphiprion species and their host anemones by using maximum likelihood with best-fit models selected. We examined the evolutionary history of the association via distance-based (Parafit and PACo) and event-based methods (Core-PA, Jane). Although mutualism is probably the key innovation that triggered the adaptive radiation of anemonefish into a wide range of habitats, the coevolutionary history between the groups has not been thoroughly tested in a phylogenetic framework. The association between anemonefish and anemone is a classical example of mutualism in coral reefs. In the east, the species range extends to the Palau Islands and Caroline and Mariana Islands in Micronesia (Allen, 1972 Myers, 1999). The range of the species includes the Persian Gulf (Allen, 1972 Carpenter et al., 1997), western coast of Hindustan, Sri Lanka, Laccadives (Fautin and Allen, 1997), Maldives (Allen, 1972 Randall and Anderson, 1993 Anderson, 2005), Bay of Bengal (Fautin and Allen, 1997), Andaman Sea (Satapoomin, 2011), South China Sea (Allen, 1972(Allen,, 2000(Allen,, 2001Chen et al., 1997 Adrim et al., 2004 Shao et al., 2008 Matsunuma et al., 2011 Astakhov et al., 2016), Indonesia (Allen, 1972 Allen and Adrim, 2003 Erdmann, 2009, 2012), Philippines (Allen, 1972 Allen and Erdmann, 2012), Cocos Island (Keeling) (Allen, 1972 Allen and Smith-Vaniz, 1994 Hobbs et al., 2014), western coast of Australia (Allen, 1972), northern coast of Australia (Larson et al., 2013) and northern part of the Great Barrier Reef (Randall et al., 1997), New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia (Allen, 1972 Fricke and Kulbicki, 2007 Fricke et al., 2014Fricke et al.,, 2019. clarkii has a continuous range (Fautin and Allen, 1997), the western boundary of which is in the Arabian Sea along the southeastern coast of Oman (Randall, 1995). frenatus on the reefs of the Spratly Archipelago cannot be explained by such hydrophysical parameters as the transparency and temperature of the waters of this area. frenatus (13 m) previously indicated for the entire range of this species, including the coastal waters of Vietnam. frenatus is absolutely extreme for this species and by 3.53 times exceeds the maximum depth of occurrence of A. frenatus occur singly up to a depth of 45.9 m-this lower limit of occurrence of A. Was recorded in the depth range of 8–30 m. quadricolor from a depth of 4 m the main number of sea anemones inhabited by A. frenatus begins to occur in the host sea anemone E. For the first time, a description of the depth distribution of the anemonefish Amphiprion frenatus in symbiosis with the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor on six reefs of the Spratly Archipelago, located in the open waters of the South China Sea, has been given.
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